Sunday, January 8, 2012

Tramadol and cannabis for pain relief

Cannabis has been around as a medicine for centuries. Usually taken as an infusion, it has been used to treat a range of different problems. But it's most common use is as a painkiller. This is not the same as the high created by the recreational form of the drug. The psychoactive chemicals come from a different part of the plant. In the West, cannabis arrived as a street drug and, once its qualities were recognized, illegal farms were set up to grow it. However, the strong Asian and African cultures for medicinal use was never completely ignored and, after some detailed research and a positive political campaign, sixteen US states have now legalized its use for medical purposes. This is controversial. The FDA warns the drug can be abused. Indeed, the recreational form is classified as a Schedule 1 drug. That's the highest class, reflecting the perceived level of danger. So, even under medical supervision, the FDA does not permit the medical profession to use or recommend cannabis as a medicine. Nevertheless, seven states allow dispensaries to sell medical cannabis and collect sales tax. This generates several billion dollars in extra tax revenue at a time when the state deficits are growing.

At this point, we come to a grey area of policy and law. If you talk to the regulatory authorities and law enforcement agencies, cannabis remains a dangerous drug. Even though there are laws permitting its use by individual patients and caregivers, there's considerable suspicion that morality and the law are being undermined. That said, states find their budgets under pressure and, when it comes to deciding priorities in enforcement, cannabis is low down on the list. The law enforcement agencies do not unnecessarily harass clinics and hospices where cannabis is routinely given to patients. We should also recognize an overall irony in all this.

If you look at all the major drugs developed by the manufacturing industry, all the patents are or were held privately. The assumption has been that effective drugs can be exploited for profit by the large corporations. But, when it comes to medical cannabis, the federal government holds the patent. This has not prevented the for-profit sector trying to produce individual drugs based on cannabis. Indeed, in some countries, synthetic cannabinoids are available on prescription. So far, there are no signs the FDA will approve any of these drugs for distribution in the US. In the UK, for example, there's a new spray being made available for pain relief. There's no high associated with its use. It works by numbing the muscles and it's being prescribed for use in treating multiple sclerosis and will soon be available in hospitals for end-of-life treatment in cancer wards.

It's fascinating to see a natural product slowly being accepted as medicinal despite the capacity to derive recreational versions. In a way, this is the same process Tramadol had to go through. No one wanted to create yet another addictive derivative from the poppy so, as a synthetic, Tramadol had to prove itself effective and not seriously addictive. Fortunately, prejudices were overcome and the drug is now the world's top selling brand for pain relief. It will be interesting to see whether cannabis and its medicinal derivatives can also be accepted.

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Saturday, December 31, 2011

Nexium and Those Changes to Your Diet

To get ourselves started, let's start with a simple reassurance: there are some excellent drugs on the market that will treat even the most serious outbreak of heartburn. They are called proton pump inhibitors and they work by reducing the amount of stomach acid your body produces. The good news is there's less acid to leak out of your stomach and cause the pain. The bad news is that, with less acid in your stomach, it takes longer to process the food. So put the drugs to one side for a moment and think about the problem. When food passes into the mouth and, after chewing, falls down towards the stomach, your body gets ready to break the food down into its chemical ingredients. The good stuff gets syphoned into the blood stream and sent off to where its going to do the most good. All the rest gets expelled from the body. The $64,000 question is how the stomach does the processing. It all starts with the acid, but mixed into it are a series of different enzymes to help break down the different types of food. Your body is a very clever machine and, left to its own devices, it produces just enough acid and enzymes to clear the stomach quickly.

If your body "likes" the food, it sends a pleasure message to the brain. This encourages you to remember what the body likes and to eat or drink more of it. Unfortunately, the body likes the food that puts on the unwanted pounds. That's why you get a buzz when you eat or drink something sweet or savory. When food with a high-fat content arrives in the stomach, you feel good and the body orders more stomach acid to break it down. If there was only a small amount of food, it would quickly fall down the esophagus and the extra acid would stay in the stomach. But if you are eating a lot, the sphincter separating the esophagus from the stomach is kept open to keep the food on the move. The food pushes the acid out of the stomach. Worse, if you don't sit up straight, the acid can also run into the esophagus. Either way, that burning pain starts. Lying down immediately after a big meal is asking for pain.

So eat less and avoid food with a high-fat content. Indeed, all processed food is potentially bad news. Read through all the diet advice from reliable sources like the Mayo Clinic. It's actually very simple. Keep with lean meat like chicken and turkey. Fish is equally good. Add plenty of vegetables and fresh fruit. Whole grains and low-fat diary products complete the package. It's even better if you do a little exercise. You will feel better in yourself and your stomach's performance will improve. Heartburn will be a forgotten problem without you having to buy and rely on Nexium. This is not to deny the excellence of the drug. It's consistently been shown the best of the proton pump inhibitors. But, no matter how good Nexium, it's always better to solve a medical problem the natural way - particularly if it also saves the cost of having to buy the drugs.

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Monday, December 26, 2011

Patent Protections Extended

When that inspired individual invented the wheel in those distant centuries, there was no patent system to protect the novelty of the idea. Everyone else looked on as the first wheels appeared on the streets and, before you could say, Jack Robinson, everyone had wheels. Those were the days when everyone shared the benefits of all the inventions. Times were hard and survival mattered more than commercial intellectual property rights. It took a long time for the world to come round to the view that inventions should be subject to a monopoly protection. We had a fully developed market economy back in Ancient Greece and Rome. There was a universal currency throughout both political groups, but it was not until a few hundred years ago that aggressive merchants began to buy monopoly rights from the political rulers. Now, we seem to take it as given that anyone who creates something new should have protection. Except, that is, when it comes to downloading the odd copyright-protected MP3.

In theory, this should not cause too many problems except the patent system is used to stifle creativity and keep out competing products while the patent holder changes the maximum possible retail price. This penalizes us, the consumers. We either pay the asking price or go without. So welcome to the court of District Judge Rebecca Beach Smith. Note it fell to a woman to decide the fate of men as we all waited for cheaper erectile dysfunction drugs. So here comes an international company with the nerve to threaten the cosy US market with cheap generic drugs. This competition on price would have affected the three current patent holders. Pfizer took the lead and argued it had a patent up to 2019.

Why so long? Well, after patenting the underlying chemistry as a treatment for high blood pressure in the arteries running through the chest and lungs, it registered a second patent for the same drug as a treatment for erectile dysfunction. Check out the history. You'll find the erectile dysfunction use of the drug was an accidental discovery during the trial for hypertension. The foreigners were bold, arguing this was nothing new. It was obvious from the first research trial. Unfortunately, the judge disagreed and ordered the foreigner to take its cheap generics away and not return until 2019. This means we continue to suffer the price gouging from all three manufacturers with no immediate sign of there being anyone able to introduce a generic into the market.

Have you noticed how aggressive the manufacturers are when advising us not to buy our drugs online. The problem for them is that almost all the major online pharmacies are based overseas where generics are freely available. If you check out these pharmacies, you almost always find the cheap generics available. So, for erectile dysfunction, you can usually make real savings on your supplies of Cialis, even after adding in the cost of shipping. The only danger comes from the laws of some US states which mandate customs to confiscate imported drugs for which there's no valid prescription. So, before you order your Cialis online, check out your local laws on importation. The packages always come in plain wrappers so there's always a good chance they will get through undetected.

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